日本語
EnglishIn the previous article, we talked about what to do after learning the rules — from practicing with apps to preparing for your first online games.
But once you’re ready to play, you might notice unfamiliar words like “Rapid” or “Blitz.”
Don’t worry — these terms refer to time controls, one of the most important rules in chess. Let’s go over what they mean and how to find the time setting that suits you best.
What Are “Time Controls”?
In official chess tournaments, players use a special device called a chess clock to keep track of their thinking time.
When it’s your turn, your side of the clock starts running, and once you make your move and press the button, your opponent’s clock begins to count down.
If you run out of time, you generally lose on time, no matter how favorable your position may be.
However, in certain special cases—such as when the opponent has no possible way to deliver checkmate—the game can be declared a draw.
The same applies to online games, where your remaining time is displayed on the screen.
These time settings add tension and a sense of speed, making chess even more exciting.
The Four Main Types of Time Controls
There are many different time settings in chess, but they can be roughly divided into four main categories:
- Standard / Classical
Games that last an hour or more per player. Common in official tournaments, these allow plenty of time to think deeply about each move. - Rapid
Games that last between 10 and 60 minutes per player. There’s enough time to think carefully, but not so long that it feels slow — perfect for your first online matches. - Blitz
Games lasting 3 to 10 minutes. Fast-paced and thrilling, but it’s easy to run out of time if you’re not used to it. - Bullet
Anything under 3 minutes — even 1-minute games! It’s all about intuition and lightning-fast reflexes. Definitely for advanced players.
What Does “+2” Mean?
You might see time controls written like “10+5” or “3+2.”
This means “base time + extra time per move,” also known as increment.
For example, in a “3+2” game, you start with 3 minutes total, and then get 2 extra seconds added after every move.
This system prevents those heartbreaking moments when you’re about to win but lose because your clock hits zero.
Basic Chess Terms You Should Know
- Resign
To concede the game when you realize you can’t win. Usually, you tip your king over, say “I resign,” or record it on your score sheet.
- Draw
A drawn game occurs when neither side wins. In addition to a stalemate (when the king is not in check and the player has no legal moves), a draw can also be declared if the same position appears three times, if fifty consecutive moves are made without any pawn movement or capture, or by mutual agreement between the players.
- OTB (Over the Board)
Playing in person, face-to-face with a real board and pieces. All chess club and tournament games in Japan are OTB — and they have a totally different atmosphere from online play. - Rating
A numerical value that shows your skill level. It changes after every game depending on whether you win or lose, and online platforms automatically match you with players of similar ratings.
Now you’ve got a solid understanding of the basic time controls and key chess terms!
Pick the time setting that fits your style, and dive into the world of online chess.
And once you’ve played a few games and start thinking, “I want to get stronger,” make sure to check out the next article: